See Fig. 1 for location of each station.
Sitea | Temp. (°C) | Turbi dity (NTU) | Velocity (m s−1) | Cond. (μS cm−1) | TDS (mg L−1) | Acidity (mg L−1) | Alkalinity (mg L−1) | Hardness (mg L−1) | pH | DO (mg L−1) | NH3 (mg L−1) | NO−3 (mg L−1) | SRP (mg L−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
K1 | 24.9 ± 0.9 | 13.1 ± 4.3 | 18.7 ± 27.9 | 46.7 ± 14.3 | 53.0 ± 28.1 | 4.1 ± 0.3 | 21.2 ± 1.4 | 10.7 ± 0.2 | 6.4 ± 0.2 | 6.1 ± 0.3 | 0.02 ± 0.0 | 0.08 ± 0.0 | 0.00 ± 0.0 |
K2 | 24.6 ± 0.6 | 13.2 ± 25.3 | 21.8 ± 26.3 | 36.9 ± 8.9 | 53.0 ± 28.4 | 3.5 ± 1.2 | 16.0 ± 1.8 | 8.8 ± 0.3 | 6.4 ± 0.1 | 5.1 ± 1.6 | 0.04 ± 0.1 | 0.03 ± 0.0 | 0.03 ± 0.0 |
K3 | 25.2 ± 0.5 | 6.3 ± 4.8 | 7.9 ± 1.9 | 31.8 ± 9.5 | 37.5 ± 24.5 | 3.7 ± 1.0 | 9.0 ± 2.6 | 50.3 ± 40.0 | 6.7 ± 0.6 | 6.2 ± 1.3 | 0.22 ± 0.1 | 0.02 ± 0.0 | 0.03 ± 0.0 |
K4 | 24.8 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 11.3 ± 3.3 | 32.5 ± 12.8 | 10.3 ± 0.9 | 3.1 ± 0.4 | 6.2 ± 2.4 | 7.2 ± 2.7 | 6.3 ± 0.2 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | 0.03 ± 0.0 | 0.01 ± 0.0 | 0.07 ± 0.0 |
K5 | 24.5 ± 0.4 | 2.2 ± 1.0 | 116.5 ± 22.2 | 12.4 ± 10.1 | 12.5 ± 1.2 | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 81.3 ± 0.8 | 130.8 ± 59.6 | 7.4 ± 0.5 | 4.1 ± 1.2 | 0.11 ± 0.0 | 0.00 ± 0.0 | 0.01 ± 0.0 |
K6 | 25.1 ± 0.3 | 83.3 ± 22.8 | 8.3 ± 1.1 | 23.3 ± 8.7 | 11.7 ± 0.6 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 5.1 ± 1.6 | 34.5 ± 65.5 | 6.4 ± 0.7 | 5.2 ± 0.6 | 0.03 ± 0.0 | 0.04 ± 0.0 | 0.03 ± 0.0 |
K7 | 25.2 ± 0.1 | 6.1 ± 0.2 | 17.0 ± 6.4 | 28.9 ± 0.6 | 6.4 ± 1.1 | 5.0 ± 1.1 | 4.3 ± 0.7 | 49.7 ± 43.4 | 6.6 ± 0.4 | 7.8 ± 0.7 | 0.04 ± 0.0 | 0.03 ± 0.0 | 0.04 ± 0.1 |
K8 | 25.4 ± 0.2 | 6.4 ± 0.8 | 2.6 ± 0.6 | 36.5 ± 6.8 | 7.8 ± 2.4 | 6.8 ± 1.5 | 5.0 ± 1.0 | 7.0 ± 1.2 | 6.5 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 0.1 | 0.05 ± 0.1 | 0.09 ± 0.1 | 0.03 ± 0.0 |
K9 | 26.0 ± 0.4 | 6.7 ± 0.7 | 9.3 ± 0.7 | 25.4 ± 3.5 | 9.4 ± 2.0 | 9.0 ± 1.0 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | 8.8 ± 0.8 | 7.1 ± 1.2 | 5.7 ± 0.5 | 0.09 ± 0.1 | 0.04 ± 0.0 | 0.04 ± 0.1 |
K10 | 24.9 ± 0.2 | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 2.0 ± 0.1 | 20.7 ± 4.7 | 12.5 ± 1.3 | 4.1 ± 0.9 | 6.1 ± 0.8 | 10.9 ± 1.4 | 6.7 ± 0.0 | 4.9 ± 0.5 | 0.05 ± 0.0 | 0.01 ± 0.0 | 0.02 ± 0.0 |
K11 | 25.6 ± 0.3 | 4.6 ± 1.6 | 9.8 ± 0.4 | 87.1 ± 24.6 | 11.6 ± 2.4 | 2.3 ± 0.3 | 5.8 ± 0.9 | 6.7 ± 1.7 | 6.4 ± 0.6 | 5.8 ± 0.8 | 0.06 ± 0.0 | 0.02 ± 0.0 | 0.03 ± 0.0 |
K12 | 25.4 ± 0.2 | 7.2 ± 1.8 | 10.7 ± 0.7 | 45.2 ± 42.0 | 10.5 ± 2.8 | 3.2 ± 0.1 | 5.0 ± 0.8 | 5.1 ± 0.8 | 6.7 ± 0.3 | 6.3 ± 0.5 | 0.04 ± 0.0 | 0.07 ± 0.0 | 0.01 ± 0.0 |
K13 | 24.9 ± 0.5 | 8.1 ± 0.3 | 9.9 ± 0.2 | 33.1 ± 6.9 | 9.8 ± 2.9 | 5.1 ± 2.6 | 9.3 ± 4.7 | 8.3 ± 1.3 | 6.6 ± 0.1 | 6.7 ± 0.9 | 0.08 ± 0.0 | 0.03 ± 0.0 | 0.01 ± 0.0 |
K14 | 26.5 ± 0.6 | 5.8 ± 3.4 | 10.7 ± 0.9 | 34.4 ± 8.9 | 11.8 ± 0.8 | 3.7 ± 1.4 | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 8.4 ± 2.6 | 6.2 ± 0.3 | 4.9 ± 1.5 | 0.12 ± 0.0 | 0.04 ± 0.0 | 0.09 ± 0.0 |
K15 | 25.2 ± 0.4 | 2.0 ± 1.3 | 12.6 ± 2.2 | 128.3 ± 24.4 | 10.9 ± 0.8 | 4.3 ± 0.3 | 4.8 ± 2.6 | 7.3 ± 1.7 | 6.5 ± 0.9 | 4.0 ± 1.3 | 0.10 ± 0.0 | 0.03 ± 0.0 | 0.04 ± 0.0 |
K16 | 25.1 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 1.1 | 12.7 ± 0.5 | 25.4 ± 5.9 | 13.0 ± 1.1 | 3.8 ± 1.1 | 6.3 ± 0.5 | 8.9 ± 2.2 | 6.7 ± 0.2 | 4.7 ± 1.9 | 0.03 ± 0.0 | 0.02 ± 0.0 | 0.01 ± 0.0 |
K17 | 26.1 ± 0.3 | 3.4 ± 0.4 | 10.2 ± 0.5 | 26.8 ± 2.2 | 13.5 ± 0.1 | 19.8 ± 4.4 | 4.3 ± 7.8 | 13.4 ± 1.0 | 6.5 ± 0.6 | 6.1 ± 0.5 | 0.09 ± 0.0 | 0.04 ± 0.0 | 0.01 ± 0.0 |
K18 | 26.0 ± 0.3 | 4.6 ± 0.5 | 8.8 ± 2.9 | 25.1 ± 1.3 | 13.3 ± 0.8 | 15.2 ± 1.5 | 5.4 ± 1.8 | 10.7 ± 0.7 | 6.5 ± 1.8 | 4.7 ± 2.4 | 0.02 ± 0.0 | 0.09 ± 0.0 | 0.03 ± 0.1 |
K19 | 26.1 ± 0.7 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 12.6 ± 0.4 | 36.9 ± 10.5 | 13.8 ± 1.6 | 3.8 ± 1.4 | 4.4 ± 0.4 | 14.0 ± 0.9 | 6.6 ± 0.2 | 3.5 ± 0.9 | 0.03 ± 0.0 | 0.25 ± 0.0 | 0.04 ± 0.0 |
K20 | 25.2 ± 0.5 | 4.2 ± 1.5 | 13.7 ± 1.3 | 38.8 ± 5.2 | 13.0 ± 0.4 | 10.8 ± 0.7 | 5.0 ± 2.9 | 11.5 ± 1.5 | 6.4 ± 1.4 | 3.5 ± 1.5 | 0.10 ± 0.0 | 0.03 ± 0.0 | 0.05 ± 0.0 |
K21 | 25.6 ± 0.6 | 13.0 ± 6.5 | 8.9 ± 15.6 | 40.2 ± 32.5 | 58.4 ± 20.2 | 5.8 ± 1.6 | 11.2 ± 9.4 | 10.4 ± 0.4 | 6.7 ± 0.1 | 5.3 ± 1.7 | 0.05 ± 0.0 | 0.17 ± 0.0 | 0.00 ± 0.0 |
K22 | 25.4 ± 0.8 | 12.7 ± 1.8 | 8.7 ± 11.2 | 39.9 ± 14.4 | 49.7 ± 23.6 | 3.4 ± 0.8 | 4.3 ± 1.5 | 8.6 ± 0.6 | 6.3 ± 0.1 | 5.5 ± 1.9 | 0.03 ± 0.0 | 0.07 ± 0.0 | 0.02 ± 0.0 |
Temp., temperature; NTU, nephelometric turbidity unit; Cond., specific conductance; TDS, total dissolved solids; DO, dissolved oxygen; SRP, soluble reactive phosphorus.
a See Table 1 for abbreviations.
Sitea / Diversity index | No. of species | Trophic status | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||
W1 | W2 | D | W1 | W2 | D | |
K1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | UO | UO | O |
K2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | UO | O | OM |
K3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | UO | UO | O |
K4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | UO | O | OM |
K5 | 4 | 3 | 1 | O | O | OM |
K6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | UO | UO | O |
K7 | 2 | 2 | 1 | UO | UO | O |
K8 | 1 | 1 | 2 | UO | O | O |
K9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | UO | UO | O |
K10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | UO | O | O |
K11 | 3 | 3 | 2 | UO | UO | O |
K12 | 1 | 1 | 1 | O | O | O |
K13 | 1 | 1 | - | UO | UO | O |
K14 | 1 | 0 | 1 | UO | O | OM |
K15 | 1 | 1 | 1 | UO | UO | O |
K16 | 2 | 2 | 1 | UO | UO | O |
K17 | 1 | 1 | 1 | UO | UO | O |
K18 | 2 | 1 | 2 | UO | UO | O |
K19 | 1 | 0 | 1 | UO | UO | O |
K20 | 1 | 1 | 1 | UO | O | O |
K21 | 1 | 0 | 1 | O | O | O |
K22 | 1 | 1 | 2 | OM | OM | OM |
Shanon-Wiener index | 3.793 | 3.010 | 3.797 | - | - | - |
Simpson index | 0.915 | 0.875 | 0.916 | - | - | - |
Pielou evenness | 0.945 | 1.0 | 0.946 | - | - | - |
W1, wet season (SW); W2, wet season (NE); D, dry season; UO, ultraoligotrophic; O, oligotrophic; OM, oligotrophic-mesotrophic.
a See Table 1 for abbreviations.
Order / Family | Genus / Species | Site distributiona | Abundance (%)b | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||
W1 | W2 | D | |||
Acrochaetiales / Acrochaetiaceae | Audouinella subtilis Jaoc | K7 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Batrachospermales / Batrachospermaceae | Balliopsis prieurii (Montagne) G. W. Saunders et Necchi | K9 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Batrachospermum khaoluangensis Chankaew, Peerapornpisal et Kumano | K5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Batrachospermum gelatinosum (L.) Roth | K19 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Batrachospermum sp.1 | K8, 10 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Kumanoa gibberosa (Kumano) Necchi et M. L. Vis | K16 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Kumanoa hirosei (Kumano) Necchi et M. L. Vis | K6, 21 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Kumanoa mahlacensis (Kumano et W. A. Bowden-Kerby) M. L. Vis, Necchi, W. B. Chiasson et Entwisle | K11, 18 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Kumanoa tabagatenensis (Kumano et W. A. Bowden-Kerby) M. L. Vis, Necchi, W. B. Chiassont et Entwisle | K22 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Sirodotia huillensis (W. West et G. S. West) Skuja | K6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
Sirodotia suecica Kylin | K2, 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Sirodotia sp.1 | K14 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Compsopoganales / Compsopogonaceae | Compsopogon caeruleus (Balbis) Montagne | K5, 8, 17, 20 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Ceramiales / Delesseriaceae | Caloglossa beccarii (Zanardina) De Toni sensu latod | K11, 12, 15 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
Thoreales / Thoreaceae | Thorea clavata Seto et Ratnas | K1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 13, 18 | 4 | 1 | 4 |
Thorea siamensis Kumano et Traichaiyaporn | K5 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
a See Table 1 for abbreviations.
d A complex of four species including Caloglossa fluviatilis Krayesky, Fredericq & J. N. Norris (see key in Sato and Akiyama 2001, Kamiya et al. 2016). We tentatively identify our specimens as C. beccarii sensu lato, pending critical morphological and molecular studies of the Thai populations.