Holocarpic oomycete parasites of red algae are not Olpidiopsis, but neither are they all Pontisma or Sirolpidium (Oomycota)

Algae 2024, 39(1): 43–50; https://doi.org/10.4490/algae.2024.39.3.8

There were corrections and replacing images in the Fig. 1. The Fig. 1 should be corrected as follows:

The Plate of Fig. 1

Fig. 1. Morphology of the main taxa of endobiotic, holocarpic oomycete pathogens mentioned in the text. (A) The generitype Olpidiopsis saprolegniae infecting Saprolegnia sp., as first illustrated by Cornu (1872). (B) The epitype of O. saprolegniae (adapted from Buaya et al. 2019, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). (C–K) Pathogens of red algae commonly assigned to Olpidiopsis since the second half of the 20th century. (C) O. bostrychiae infecting Bostrychia moritziana. Arrowheads, zoosporangium developing a liberation tube; double arrowhead, just infected host cell (adapted from Sekimoto et al. 2009, CC BY-NC 3.0). (D) O. heterosiphoniae infecting Heterosiphonia pulchra. Arrow, zoosporangium (adapted from Klochkova et al. 2012, CC BY-NC 3.0). (E) O. feldmanni infecting Asparagopsis sp. Arrow, liberation tube of the zoosporangium (adapted from Fletcher et al. 2015, CC-BY 4.0). (F) O. palmariae infecting tetraspores of Palmaria palmata (adapted from Badis et al. 2019, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). (G–K) Olpidiopsis species infecting Porphyra and Pyropia spp. (G–I) O. porphyrae infected Porphyra sp. blade (adapted from Badis et al. 2019). (G) Macroscopic lesions. (H) Epifluorescence observation of a highly-infected area of the blade stained with Calcofluor white. (I) Macroscopic imaging of infected cells. (J) O. muelleri infecting Porphyra sp. (adapted from Badis et al. 2019). (K) Young O. pyropiae thallus developing in a Pyropia yezoensis cell (left, white arrow); fusing parasitic thalli (right, black arrows) (adapted from Klochkova et al. 2016, doi:10.1007/s10811-015-0595-4, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). (L) The generitype Pontisma lagenidioides infecting Ceramium rubrum, as first illustrated by Petersen (1905, CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). (M–O) The epitype of Pontisma lagenidioides (adapted from Buaya et al. 2019). (P) The generitype Sirolpidium bryopsidis infecting Bryopsis plumosa as first illustrated by Petersen (1905). (Q) The morphologically similar oomycete identified as such infecting Capsosiphon fulvescens (adapted from Buaya et al. 2021, CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). (R–T) Other oomycete taxa of endobiotic, holocarpic parasites of algae with incompletely resolved relationships with the abovementioned pathogens of red algae. (R) Sirolpidium litorale in Urospora neglecta (adapted from Buaya et al. 2023b, CC BY 4.0). Red arrows, liberation tubes. (S) Pontisma blauvikense infecting the filamentous brown alga Pylaiella littoralis (adapted from Buaya et al. 2023a, CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). (T) An unnamed parasitoid of the diatom Licmophora sp. (adapted from Garvetto et al. 2020, CC BY-NC 4.0). To ease comparison between organisms, the numbering or lettering of the figures in their original articles has also been replaced by the lettering of this plate and scale bars have modified from the originally published ones. Scale bars represent: B, N, Q & S, 50 μm; C top, 30 μm; C bottom, D, F, K left & T, 10 μm; E, I, K right & R, 20 μm; G, 1 cm; H, J, L, O & P, 100 μm; M, 200 μm.